打开石钟山的“秘密”！湖口八旬老人手绘《北宋苏轼考察石钟山复原图》
<section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Microsoft Yahei, PingFang SC, Avenir, Segoe UI, Hiragino Sans GB, STHeiti, Microsoft Sans Serif, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 10px; border: 10px solid rgb(229, 241, 229); font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 666px; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(124, 213, 103);"></section></section><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">“舟回至两山间，将入港口，有大石当中流，可坐百人……”一首《石钟山记》脍炙人口，而千年之前，苏轼是如何乘舟入山的？当时的石钟山和现在一样吗？湖口八旬老人杨赤宇手绘《北宋苏轼考察石钟山复原图》，用纤毫毕现的笔法再现了古文经典的情景。</span></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 666px; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(124, 213, 103);"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section></section></section></section><p></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Microsoft Yahei, PingFang SC, Avenir, Segoe UI, Hiragino Sans GB, STHeiti, Microsoft Sans Serif, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: center;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 12px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(73, 160, 78); letter-spacing: 2px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">寻古探究</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(247, 250, 245), rgb(159, 203, 72), rgb(247, 250, 245)); width: 164px; height: 3px;"></section></section></section></section><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">眼前的这幅图，没有写意山水的诗情，倒是像现代的“沙盘”：山峰林立间，勾勒出古鄱阳湖的一个湾儿。每座山峰的名号、院落寺庙的分布、阡陌交通，跃然纸上。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">大半辈子，杨赤宇都在研究石钟山，他此前在石钟山景区从事艺术设计和古建园林工作，退休后还坚持研究湖口历史和石钟山文化。这次，他画了《北宋苏轼考察石钟山复原图》和《清代湖口县城图》，是希望借由图画的方式，将古老的历史讲出来，让更多的人知道石钟山的“秘密”。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">“而大声发于水上，噌吰如钟鼓不绝。舟人大恐。徐而察之，则山下皆石穴罅，不知其浅深，微波入焉，涵淡澎湃而为此也……”当年，苏轼寻古来到石钟山，古怪的响声，和山野林间的树影鸟叫，把一代大文豪吓得“心动欲还”，却突然“舟回至两山间，将入港口，有大石当中流，可坐百人，空中而多窍，与风水相吞吐……”发出声响的原来是这些奇异的石头。</span></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">杨赤宇说，苏轼在《石钟山记》描述的地方并非现在大家去的下石钟山，而是相隔<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1200</span>米处的上石钟山，他说：“今人要想听到这种声音必须符合几个条件，十分苛刻。首先必须在夏秋两季盛水期，否则无水入洞，海拔水位必须在<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">14</span>米至<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">18</span>米之间，水太高会将洞全部淹没；要有二三级风，否则产生不了波浪，就不能产生共鸣；必须有小船送至岩洞旁边听；最后必须是在有月亮的晚上，否则漆黑之下，加上盛水期水流很急，容易撞上岩礁。”</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">杨赤宇说，他小时候因去鄱阳湖中取水就听过这样的声音，可惜因为年纪小而不知道这其中的难得之处。苏东坡当年为何能听到这样的声音呢？原来上石钟山下有个西湾湖，因为独特的位置，即使鄱阳湖中大浪翻滚，这里的湖面也依然平静，而当年苏东坡夜行泛舟听到的美妙的声音就是在此听到的，而在<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">2008</span>年，他再次泛舟于此，不仅听到了曾经苏东坡秒回的奇音，回来还绘制了《北宋苏东坡月夜泛舟上石钟山西湾湖示意图》。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: center;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 12px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(73, 160, 78); letter-spacing: 2px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">石头唱歌</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(247, 250, 245), rgb(159, 203, 72), rgb(247, 250, 245)); width: 164px; height: 3px;"></section></section></section></section><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">在湖口西门长大的杨赤宇，注定和石钟山有着不解之缘。小时候，石钟山就是他的“游乐园”，每天在这里写作业，在这里看书，在这里玩耍。而后兜兜转转二十年，他又回到了这里，并为此奉献大半生。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;"><span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">18</span>岁那年，热爱文学、唱歌、戏曲的他，被分配到南昌话剧团，因单位改革人员缩减，他又被分配到省图书馆工作，热爱看书的他也是从这时候开始接触到各类文学、史书、考古等著作，也为以后在石钟山工作打下了基础。直到<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1982</span>年，他被调配到石钟山从事艺术设计和古建园林工作，这一干就是大半辈子。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">现在大家看到的石钟山的样貌很多都是通过他一手设计规划出来的。上世纪<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">80</span>年代，他在发现了一枚天然响石，用手轻轻一弹，便发出金属般的响声，他赶紧收藏了起来。此后数十年里，他又在石钟山附近收集了百余块响石。<span data-index="" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">2001</span>年，他在石钟山景区内创办了响石艺术馆。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">杨赤宇说：“最早发现石钟山响石的，是定居在石钟山上的远古三苗部落中的枭阳氏先民，枭阳氏部落是在被黄帝打败以后，退到了鄱阳湖地区，在石钟山打制石器时，发现响石能敲出奇特的声音，那个时候开始响石就被用作了娱乐和祭神。与此同时，从石钟山古文化遗址中出土的陶范和青铜器残件证明，在西周时期，石钟山就是青铜钟的产地，有了钟的说法。”</p><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-align: center;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline-block;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2px 12px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(73, 160, 78); letter-spacing: 2px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">以画传世</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; width: 18px;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(247, 250, 245), rgb(159, 203, 72), rgb(247, 250, 245)); width: 164px; height: 3px;"></section></section></section></section><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">关于石钟山，杨赤宇有说不完的故事和研究，还有不少著作发表在权威的学术杂志上。早已过了退休年龄的他，还坚持每天来石钟山。“文物再多也是死的，而它们对于研究湖口的民族、部落发展的意义是活的。”这是他坚持研究考古的原因之一。</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: center;"></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">多年的工作和生活，让他写了不少有关湖口和石钟山历史研究的手稿，但是因为各种原因，没有付梓出版，“我觉得很可惜，”他说，“我希望通过绘画的形式，让大家可以更加直观地了解这份历史。”</p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">这么多年，他仍每天坚持看书，著作，苦心钻研考古学研究，如今的他已经成为了石钟山的一部分。</p></section><p></p><p class="cjk" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 2em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Microsoft Yahei, PingFang SC, Avenir, Segoe UI, Hiragino Sans GB, STHeiti, Microsoft Sans Serif, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">（九江日报全媒记者 周慧超）</span></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="http://bbs.jjxw.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_fDg" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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